Journal of Brilliant Engineering (BEN)

GATESI JEAN DE DIEU Mukamana Rachel Mutabaruka Jean de Dieu

Globally, road traffic injuries are reported as the leading cause of death among young people aged 15 to 29 years and are among the top three causes of mortality among people aged 15 to 44 years. This study therefore aims to utilise statistical methods for assessing the impact of Gerayo Amahoro policy on Road Traffic Accidents reduction in Rwanda and propose counter measures that could help the decision makers in minimizing the losses caused by Road Traffic Accidents. secondary data related to road traffic accidents have been collected by using questionnaire from Rwanda National Police with the study period from 2016 up to 2020 inclusive. Analysis was done by using graphics and chi-square methods in excel and SPSS software. The results indicated that GERAYO AMAHORO policy plays the greatest role in reduction of RTAs in Rwanda due to the number of RTAs happened before the implementation of GERAYO AMAHORO which was high as compared to the total number of RTAs after implementation of GERAYO AMAHORO policy. This research conclude that negligence, over speed, bad maneuver and over drunk are mostly causes and responsible for the occurrence of RTAs in Rwanda; indicated that Vehicle types mostly related to RTAs were moto-cycles, cars and 4 wheel vehicles and the mostly victims related to RTAs were moto-cyclists, passengers and pedestrians.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2022.4197

Saurabh Rai Sourabh Singla Prerna Saurabh Amar Kumar Verma

In this paper, an innovative way of calculating the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman parameter has been developed for AA 6063. AA 6063 is an aluminum alloy comprising the alloying ingredients magnesium and silicon. The Aluminum Association maintains the standard that governs its composition. It has strong mechanical properties and may be heat treated and welded. Image processing technique has been used to calculate the damage constant for the AA 6063. The image of the sample has been taken under a microscope of undeformed and fractured material. Then the images are analyzed using the Open CV tool in a python open-source environment. The initial and final void fraction of the sheet has been calculated. Damage models, particularly the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model, are widely used in numerical simulation of material deformations. Each damage model has some constants which must be identified for each material. The direct identification methods are costly and time-consuming. A combination of experimental, numerical simulation and optimization have been used to determine the constants in the current work. Numerical simulation of the dynamic test was performed utilizing the constants obtained from quasi-static experiments. The results showed a high precision in predicting the specimen's profile in the dynamic testing.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2022.4400

Saad Issa Sarsam

Prediction of the strength properties of roller compacted concrete from mathematical models is significant for rapid decision of the quality of the pavement. In the present assessment, roller compacted concrete slab samples have been prepared in the laboratory using 12 percentage of Portland cement by weight of aggregates. Cube, core, and beam specimens were extracted from the slab samples and tested for compressive, indirect tensile, and flexural strength at the age of 28 days. Strength test results were corelated among each other and mathematical models were obtained. It was observed that low significance of aggregates gradation type on the compressive and tensile strength exists. However, high influence of dense gradation on flexural strength could be detected. The flexural strength of dense graded mixture is higher than that of gap graded mixtures. The compressive strength of gap graded mixture is higher than that of dense graded mixture. It can be concluded that the flexural strength is higher than the tensile strength by (2.17 and 1.24) folds for dense and gap graded mixtures respectively. The compressive strength is higher than tensile strength by (5.72 and 4.87) folds for dense and gap graded mixtures respectively. The compressive strength is higher than the flexural strength by (3.4 and 2.49) folds for dense and gap graded roller compacted concrete respectively. The obtained mathematical models exhibit high coefficient of determination and may be implemented in verification of the specific strength property based on other measured strength properties of roller compacted concrete.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2022.4484

Afroja Sultana Md. Mostafizur Rahman

For Being a developing country urbanization is growing rapidly in Bangladesh and there has been a significant increase in the construction of roads. But due to lack of financial aid many of the roads are still unsealed. However, not only the utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) in flexible pavement will be helpful for the reduction of road construction costs but also it will help to reduce environmental pollution which may be caused by disposing CDW in open area. The objective of this research is to utilize the CDW in base and sub base layers in the flexible pavement design to reduce the cost of road construction and environmental pollution. Proceeding by collecting CDW like brick from demolished building and conventional brick from kiln, a no of standard test conducted in laboratory namely Aggregate Impact Value, Crushing Value, Specific Gravity, Water Absorption and Loss Angeles Abrasion Test for three times. After analyzing the test results, we found that the average Aggregate Impact Value for CDW and Conventional Aggregate (CA) are respectively 29.52% and 23.87%, Aggregate Crushing value for CDW and CA are respectively 28.10% and 22.88%, Los Angeles Abrasion value for CDW and CA are respectively 31.47% and 28.52%, specific gravity value for CDW and CA both is 1.75, water absorption for CDW and CA are respectively 7.62% and 12.23%. After analyzing the test results and comparing with the standard value, we figure out that the CDW are useful for using base and sub base layers in the flexible pavement.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2022.4496

Lamara Bitsadze

This article is concerned with the coupled linear quasi-static theory of thermoelasticity for porous materials under local thermal equilibrium. The system of equations is based on the constitutive equations, Darcy's law of the flow of a fluid through a porous medium, Fourier's law of heat conduction, the equations of equilibrium, fluid mass conservation and heat transfer. The system of governing equations is expressed in terms of displacement vector field, the change of volume fraction of pores, the change of fluid pressure in pore network and the variation of temperature of porous material. The present paper is devoted to construct explicit solutions of the quasi-static boundary value problems (BVPs) of coupled theory of thermoelasticity for a porous elastic sphere and for a space with a spherical cavity. In this research the regular solution of the system of equations for an isotropic porous materials is constructed by means of the elementary (harmonic, bi-harmonic and meta-harmonic) functions. The basic boundary value problems (the Dirichlet type boundary value problem for a sphere and the Neumann type boundary value problem for a space with a spherical cavity) are solved explicitly. The obtained solutions are given by means of the harmonic, bi-harmonic and meta-harmonic functions. For the harmonic functions the Poisson type formulas are obtained. The bi-harmonic and meta-harmonic functions are presented as absolutely and uniformly convergent series.

https://doi.org/10.36937/ben.2022.4501